3缸机应该是近几年来大家最鄙视的汽车配置之一,随着排放政策日趋严苛,石油储备减少,减排成为了除新能源之外的主要出路。于是有了奔驰S级、宝马7系以及沃尔沃XC90等中大型豪华车陆续采用2.0T涡轮增压发动机。而部分紧凑车型除了采用1.2L-1.6L涡轮增压发动机之外,也开始广泛搭载3缸发动机。
由于3缸发动机结构问题,因为无法抵消活塞运动带来的振动,所以会有大家口口相传的“3缸机抖动厉害”一说。而随着各大车企对3缸发动机技术进一步研发与优化,虽然已经用平衡轴、双质量飞轮等技术基本攻克了抖动难题,但早前推出的3缸机口碑却影响了其后续发展。同样搭载3缸机,为何MINI却很少被喷抖动?
搭载同款3缸发动机并采用前轮驱动的宝马1系、宝马2系旅行等车型,均被喷到体无完肤,被誉为“没有灵魂的宝马”。但问了下开MINI车型的朋友,他们觉得MINI内饰用料以及底盘偏硬才是最大的吐槽点,其次空间偏小、噪音控制不理想等问题都比3缸发动机带来的影响大。
然后MINI车主们的选购理由很简单。喜欢MINI底盘硬带来的操控感,开起来扎实有信心。乘坐空间小也不是什么问题,他们买MINI大多数是家里第二台甚至第三台车。
男士挑选MINI作为座驾,除了有操控感之外,关键是能吸引到大部分女性的注意力,然后大家都懂的。女士挑选MINI作为座驾,一部分是壕们送给女友(老婆)的礼物,她们都是感性的外貌协会会员,好看就行了,哪有什么缺点?同样采用奇数缸体发动机,为何5缸机真香?1976年,奥迪100成为首款搭载直列5缸发动机的车型,直到现在,奥迪搭载5缸发动机已经有着超过40年的历史。
因为搭载经保时捷调校过的5缸发动机车型–RS2,在性能车领域表现非常活跃,所以,奥迪5缸发动机就和性能划上“等号”。后续奥迪推出象征品牌最高运动性能的RS系列也有采用直列5缸发动机的车型,例如现款RS 3以及TT RS等。
除了奥迪之外,奔驰和沃尔沃等都有着搭载5缸发动机的车史,甚至福克斯ST也曾搭载沃尔沃提供的2.5升L5发动机。
其实发动机震动的来源于点火做功过程,通过可燃混合气气体的燃烧爆炸,给活塞产生主动运动的能力,这种震动才是整个发动机不稳定的源头。相比4缸发动机,5缸机的点火间隙更小,理论上比4缸发动机会有着较好的稳定性和降噪表现。
但多一个气缸就意味着生产成本会更高,再加上4缸发动机加入涡轮增压等技术后,在低扭输出表现不输5缸机,所以5缸机的定位一时间十分尴尬。
就单方面只谈发动机性能,5缸发动机又不如V6或者L6发动机来得更平顺直接,所以5缸发动机会处于一种“高不成、低不就”的尴尬位置。所以键盘车手们别看到3缸机就开始喷,毕竟发动机技术进步日新月异,克服3缸先天抖动不是什么不可攻克的难题,尽管不能保证用上三五年、跑了七八万公里后会不会抖动明显, 但至少需要抱着乐观的心态去看待。此外,同属奇数缸的5缸发动机,比4缸发动机的NVH表现要更有优势,别看到奇数缸体发动机就喷。以上信息来源网络,如有错误请及时反馈
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