你有没有想过一个问题:同样一台车,它会在南方的艳阳里大雪纷飞,还是会去北方的寒夜里四季如春,完全看车主是个哪里人。
南方的同学可能完全无法理解北方冬天的-40℃是个什么概念。
Jon Snow做守夜人的时候你可曾看到他开车?
回到南方后才买上了红色的小车回家过年
因为:极端气温条件下汽车各个部分的功能会受到影响,不论是高温还是低温,都是挑战。
跟着这张跨年机票,来一起了解一下攻城狮们如何展开冬季测试的。
黑河
初中地理课大家都学过“黑河-腾冲线”,是胡焕庸先生提出的中国人口密度对比的假想线
左侧是低密度人口区域,右侧就是中国人口最密的地区。
人口密度低和自然环境是有很大关系的,黑河的冬天特别冷。极端最低气温-40℃,所以成为了汽车厂家最爱去的冬季测试地。
2018年最后一天的黑河机场,有意思的是机场虽然比上海随便哪个地铁站都要小,但是提供了独立的更衣室,就是怕南方来的傻子冻死吧?
在工作车的选择上,一台GL8+一台本田XRV,这次的旅途让我真正了解了为什么GL8真的是同级别制霸:一样舒服的都比他贵,价格一样的都比他小。
东北应该是中国近代史上命运最难以捉摸的地区了,作为边陲小城的黑河在冬天显得尤为萧条。
凡是老工业区,即使是大如省会城市的长春,扑面而来的也是国有老工业区的味道,大量的医疗、教育、住宅都是配套给集体的。
而车企的冬季测试在此地形成规模和规律后,当地政府发现这是一条财路。
为此专门开辟场地,如水库、湖面,并提供手续上的便利。大量酒店在这个季节会被车厂的工作人员订满,从11月到来年的3月,整个城市都会充满挂着伪装的临牌车辆。
这张照片里的车一大半都是还未上市前做冬季测试的
河对岸就是俄罗斯小镇,毛子们会在节假日过口岸来到黑河度周末,男人来喝酒,女人来买衣服。
若干年前毛子的收入是黑河当地收入的3-4倍,近年随着卢布贬值和俄罗斯经济恶化,双方收入相差无几,所以毛子们也要勒紧裤腰带了。
冬季测试
冬季测试干啥?前面说了,就是看看各个零件到了-40℃环境下工作是否还正常,是否需要调整。
比如上面吹爆的GL8,在路边停了一夜后电瓶亏电了,车子无法启动。
锂电池的低温性能衰退在传统燃油车上的问题或许也就这么点了,而新能源汽车上可是有电池组的。
这也就是为什么许多新能源车车主反应冬天的续航里程衰退了50%。
XRV的冷启动就挺好的,不过中控台旋钮在冻了一夜后,阻尼变得非常大。
因为纬度已经比较高了,所以总感觉日照不是特别正经,下午3点天就开始黑,冰雪反射着照射角度特别低的日光,整个人眼前总是白乎乎的。
这种白内障的感觉配合周遭景色,就非常北国风光了。
虽然没有下雪,但在结冰的水库冰面上真的非常非常冷。积雪不是松软的,而是像沙砾一样坚硬的碎冰。
手机只要掏出来不到1分钟就会断气,暖和了才能再次开机。
这次去带的暖宝宝几乎都给手机贴了。
这个双拼圆环外侧是雪地,内侧是冰面。测试的时候车辆要在里面绕圈,可以尝试快速变线,急打方向,看的是车辆的稳定性。
排气管蒸汽冷凝后滴水成冰,几圈下来能挂到地面上。
测试工程师们带着我飘了一圈又一圈,这种随时要失控的感受是南方不可能感受到的。
以至于我回到上海后好几天都不太会开车,弯前重剎才敢入,夜里做梦总在飘…
因为保密协议的关系,我不能提到这台车的任何信息。但任何一台车,都离不开无数工程师们日以继夜的付出,所以造车并没有那么简单,不是搞定供应商买买买就行的。
被冻住的气泡,要到来年开春才能回到大气中了。
每一年,相关的工程师都会在这里带上几周甚至数月。
在黑河的过程中,因为厂家密集,互相都会透露一些信息。对于中国汽车来说要走的路还长,有些踏踏实实研发,有些风风光光抄袭。
但我认为盲目消费的年代已经过去了,2019年是一道风水岭,中国并不需要那么多的汽车厂家,优胜劣汰才是对汽车工业的保护。
啊,呆久了,挺舍不得5块钱20串的烤串,以及暖气的。
原创文章,作者:cesifu,如若转载,请注明出处:http://www.cesifu.com/article/1903.html
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