2019年12月6日,比亚迪中标荷兰259台纯电动大巴订单,与欧洲公交运营商凯奥雷斯(Keolis)荷兰分公司签署协议。据比亚迪介绍,这是迄今为止欧洲最大的纯电动大巴订单。
其实,这只是比亚迪新能源汽车出口到发达市场的最新一个案例。在中国自主品牌纷纷制定国际化战略要在未来进入欧美日这些市场的时候,比亚迪已经成为了先行者。
据比亚迪2019半年报显示,比亚迪大巴已在全球6大洲、50多个国家和地区、超300个城市运营,如洛杉矶、伦敦、阿姆斯特丹、悉尼 、香港、京都、吉隆坡等城市。
对于中国汽车自主品牌来说,进入欧美日这些市场一直是一个梦想,但经过多年以来的努力,自主品牌真正进入欧盟日这些发达市场的自主品牌,目前也只有比亚迪一家。
为什么比亚迪能够突破欧美日的市场藩篱,成为中国自主品牌第一家呢?有一个数据可以说明这个问题。据财报显示,2018年比亚迪公司研发投入高达85.36亿元,同比上升36.22%,占全年营收比例为6.56%。
这个数据在行业内处于一个什么水平呢?以跨国公司的视角来看,2017年跨国车企的平均研发投入占营收比重的数值是3.18%,研发投入比例最高的宝马当年也只有6.19%。再从国内汽车企业的角度来看,不仅其研发投入的比例名列前茅,而且在研发投入比例最高的前20名汽车企业中,比亚迪的研发投入额度最高。
从长期来看,更高的研发投入意味着更强的技术优势的领先,以及最终更具有竞争优势的产品力。比如电池技术、IGBT技术等等。在电池领域与整车领域都位于世界领先水平的,目前只有比亚迪一家公司。因此,比亚迪在欧美日这些发达市场获得如此多的订单,就不奇怪了。
王传福曾表示,和戴姆勒的合作,是第一次技术对技术的合作,中国合资企业基本上都属于拿市场换技术,应该说奔驰和比亚迪的合作开创了一个技术和技术结合的先河。如果说奔驰当年还有一个中国合资政策的限制,那么而丰田选择与比亚迪在2020年建立合资公司则完全说明了比亚迪实力,因为此时的政策已经允许外资独资建立新能源汽车企业。
最近奥迪表示正在与比亚迪寻求在新能源汽车方面的合作,想必也是看中了比亚迪在新能源汽车方面的技术实力。
基于这样的新能源汽车技术实力,比亚迪不仅仅在电动大巴领域有出色的表现,在乘用车领域也有上乘的业绩。
数据显示,2018年全年,全球电动车销量达到2018247辆,比亚迪连续4年获得全球第一。没错,这个真的是全球市场第一,也是中国自主品牌在全球市场获得的真正的第一。
从具体车型来看,2018年比亚迪全球电动车销量前二十的车型里占到了有四分之一。
目前,比亚迪在新能源乘用车产品序列中主要是相对高端的王朝系列与更加大众化的e系列。日前工信部发布《新能源汽车产业发展规划(2021-2035 年)》(征求意见稿)。意见稿提出,到 2025 年,新能源汽车新车销量占比达到 25%左右。
虽然该政策特别提出重点区域必须实施新能源汽车,但是要想达到每四辆车就有一辆新能源汽车的目标,就需要在全国所有市场均衡推动新能源汽车市场的发展。
因此,不同阶层对于新能源汽车的需求在未来一段时期都将全面上升。过去,高端新能源汽车一般更加受到市场的欢迎,大众化普及车型则较为少见,低速电动车在转型升级上又很难实现突破,因此,比亚迪将不仅通过王朝系列获得相对高端市场的进一步拓展,其e系列车型也将能够在新政策带来的巨大市场潜力中获得领先一步的竞争优势。
从包括著名跨国公司在内的全球汽车企业的比较来看,比亚迪是拥有新能源汽车系列产品覆盖市场范围最广、产品数量最多的企业。
比亚迪王朝系列车型中,每一款产品都基本包括了插电混合动力版本、纯电版本,其价格从唐EV最高的35.99万元,到元EV的最低价格8.99万元,基本涵盖了所有中端市场消费人群。而纯电动e系列e1则将最低价格拉低到只有5.99万元。
王朝系列照顾到当前燃油车市场仍然占据主导地位,同时新能源汽车市场正在发展的现实,e系列则不仅将市场瞄向今天正在发轫期新能源汽车市场,更盯紧了未来新能源汽车发展中纯电动车比例越来越突出的前景。
比亚迪e系列车型第一次给市场提供了更多10万元以内价格的新能源汽车,这不仅是一种对未来市场具有信心的一种表示,同时也意味着比亚迪自身技术实力的体现,因为在电池等新能源核心技术成本仍然居高不下的情况下,不是任何一家汽车企业都有能力推出这么多质优价低的新能源汽车。
比亚迪,在某种意义上说,已经不只是弯道超车的汽车企业,而是在新能源汽车上本来就处于领先的位置。
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