80后可能都会有一个特别深的印象,就是小时候汽车的后车窗,经常会看见贴着两个字“磨合”。也就是新车刚出厂,或者刚大修完的汽车,零配件需要一定时间的磨合运转,车子不能开太快,提醒后车注意。
随着时代的进步,现代的汽车,技术很先进,我们已经见不到车后窗还有贴“磨合”标志了,那新车是不是不需要磨合了呢?电动汽车是不是不存在磨合的概念了呢?本期《流言终结者》将为大家验证这些留言的真伪,我们邀请行业汽油专家凯撒,为大家做更专业的解读。
● 现代的新车还需要磨合吗?
首先,我们先来聊聊传统能源的汽油车,新车要不要磨合?可以肯定的告诉大家,即便是目前新车技术已经足够先进,但新车仍然是需要磨合的。汽修专家凯撒告诉我们,一辆汽车实际上分为初生期、性能期和衰减期。而通常我们说的磨合,就是汽车的初生期。也就是说,刚出厂的汽车,传动系统、缓冲系统都是需要磨合的。
刚出厂的车机油粘度高,新机器初运行,各个零件的加工痕迹磨光并密合的过程。另外,新车刚出厂,部分零部件在机械加工过程中,会产生一定的内应力,其可能致零部件产生一定量的变形。只有随着汽车运行时间增长,内应力才会逐渐稳定。
● 新车磨合期该注意什么?
那么这个磨合时间到底需要多久呢?凯撒告诉我们,一般车辆需要5000公里的磨合,超过5000公里才是出了初生期,进入性能期。在磨合期内,对于行驶系统的磨合,我们应该注意缓踩油门,轻踩刹车,发动机转速最好不要超过3000转(这也对高速会有限制)。切忌急加速、急减速,暴力驾驶,过重负载。尤其是小排量车型,切忌拉过多的人和重物,造成严重的负载。
对于缓冲系统,我们也要注意日常用车保养,切忌快速通过减速带。同时,我们也要避免骑到较高的台阶上停车,这些都会对悬架产生冲击。此外,在购买新车后,我们也要多研究说明书,说明书往往会对车辆的磨合有进一步的说明。
● 如果磨合期不注意会出现什么问题?
如果在磨合期,盲目的暴力驾驶,对车的伤害是非常大的。以凯撒多年的维修经验来看,在磨合期没有注意养护的车辆,往往会出现发动机抖动,中低端车型出现减震硬的问题(套筒不工作)。
● 通过磨合期后,车辆性能需要不断提升
当我们平稳地度过初生期后,也需要适当的对车辆的性能进行开拓,也就是我们通常提到的新车拉高速,这样车辆的性能才会变得更好。通常高速情况下,车辆的负载会变大,这时候就可以提高车辆的性能。
● 电动车到底需不需要磨合?
很多人都有一个错误的观念,认为纯电动车没有发动机,就可以不用磨合了。事实上,电动车也是需要磨合的。电动车与汽油车的磨合范围也是相同的,分为传动系统与缓冲系统。缓冲系统,电动车与汽油车几乎没有区别,相同的道理。而传动系统,两车确实有区别,但电动机同样也需要磨合。磨合不好,也会出现动力差,或者异响的现象发生。
原创文章,作者:cesifu,如若转载,请注明出处:http://www.cesifu.com/article/31452.html
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