接上续：
11、发动机技术状况
发动机的技术状况，反应了发动机使用年限、实际公里数以及实际使用情况，一定程度上能够反映发动机是否烧机油或者发动机燃烧情况，看下图
该车发动机排气管明显发黑，有大量积碳，这是发动机长时间燃烧不良，排放中含有沉积物导致，也许是发动机烧机油，也许是喷油或者点火系统存在故障或者老化导致，进一步推断可能原因有磨损严重、公里数大、催化器损坏、火花塞老化、喷油器滴漏等问题，这样的问题至少能够反映发动机工作状况不良
汽车故障的出现往往不是唯一的，反映出的问题往往也不是唯一，我们可以进一步的查看发动机说是否抖动、高温、机油渗漏等，来综合判断发动机的技术状况
12、查看仪表故障灯是否正常
老司机都知道，启动车辆之前应首先打开点火开关，不启动，等待系统自检，自检完毕后才可以启动发动机，如果车辆长期不自检，车辆会积累故障记录
自检之所以重要是因为，自检是系统每次启动时都会自动对车辆的各个系统进行检查，然后反映到仪表上，告知驾驶人车辆状况，如同笔记本电脑启动自检一样重要，如下图
发动机启动之前与发动机启动之后反映到仪表的故障指示灯是不同的，特别是车辆启动之后，一般情况下，除了手刹指示灯、安全带指示灯亮起之外，其他的都应该熄灭，否则系统是存在故障的，是需要根据故障情况，决定是否有必要到修理厂维修的
那么具体的故障灯定义以及亮起时间，建议大家阅读使用说明书，掌握故障灯的含义，那么对于二手车来讲，购买期间，如果发现故障灯异常，是必须引起重视的，因为故障灯指示的车辆故障可能很严重，也可能是偶发故障
13、查看机油情况判断发动机养护以及使用情况
新出厂的发动机、使用很少的发动机、养护发动机的气门室盖是不可能有机油沉积物的，一旦发现气门室盖内有机油沉积物都是发动机长期使用、养护不当等等造成，这样的车辆往往公里数大或者养护很差，看下图：
很简单，打开机油口盖，能够看到气门室盖内表面明显的一层机油沉积物，甚至油泥的存在，像这样的发动机实际工作不会低于二十万公里或者使用了劣质机油导致或者发动机存在其他的问题导致，再看一张图
机油一般具备润滑、冷却、清洁、密封、防锈等功能，气门室盖内存在油渍、油泥，很容易理解产生的原因以及发动机技术状况
对于这样的车辆，会导致购买后发动机故障频出并且难于维修，徒增车辆的维护使用成本
14、二手车车辆的发动机存在渗漏
对于二手车，特别是使用五年以上的车辆，几乎很难找到发动机不渗漏的车辆，发动机渗漏的维修的难易以及维修成本的多少，与发动机渗漏的位置以及严重程度有关，并不是有渗漏就是小问题，但是也不能不重视，关键看哪里渗漏，如下图
如上图，这是气门室盖渗漏，维修容易、成本也低，只要更换气门室盖垫即可解决问题
但是如果你要是发现下图的问题，就要注意了
如上图，漏油位置在皮带、皮带轮后侧，这种渗漏可能是凸轮轴油封、曲轴油封等部件导致，维修起来就非常麻烦，并且成本也高，因此买二手车，一定查看清楚
15、内饰水印
检查内饰基本不需要多高的技术水平，即便你不懂车，也能看出来，内饰是不是干净、破损、烧蚀、水印等等；内饰特别是车顶棚是一个整体，如果有水印、破损等，是无法修复的，如果维修是需要整体更换的，同时也能反映出车辆是否存在其他问题，比如内饰水印，如下图
右后A柱有水印，那么车辆的后风挡玻璃就可能更换过，导致玻璃缝隙漏水，同时也可能是后部事故，导致车辆D柱变形，等等，具体的需要对车辆深入细致的检测，在看看下面这张图片，水印更加的严重
在看一张
特别需要提醒的是，也是比较常见的问题，就是天窗的漏水，会导致天窗周围或者其他部位产生水印
总之：二手车因为使用的人员、环境、长短等不同，存在各种各样的问题，或老化、或故障、或养护不当，等等，所以即便你不专业，只要你认真查看，还是能发现不少的问题，也能降低购买二手车的风险
原创文章，作者：cesifu，如若转载，请注明出处：http://www.cesifu.com/article/27234.html
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