这个问题,小编想从三个角度来进行回答:现状;技术;国家政策。
现状
现阶段,三种新能源车型,主流还是纯电动车型,其次是插电混动,燃料电池几乎没有什么保有量。
2015年至2018年,新能源车型累计销量199万,其中插电混动45万,纯电154万,至少从目前来看,纯电动汽车占据了绝对的主导地位。
从基础设施的建设来说,目前国家及地方政策都鼓励充电桩的建设,从而提高充电便利性,而燃料电池的加氢站,目前来看屈指可数!截至去年底,媒体普遍认为国内在建和可用的民用加氢站是6座左右,完全不成气候。究其原因,成本应该是主要的。目前建成一座加氢能力大于200公斤的加氢站就需要1000多万元。
技术
目前纯电动汽车的技术相比燃料电池车而言,要成熟很多,目前要发展的只是电池的储能技术和充电技术。而燃料电池要解决的问题远比纯电要复杂很多,而且燃料电池的安全性是一个很大的挑战。
插电混动最大的弊端,还是要烧油,这和国家大的能源战略是相违背的,这也是插电混动未来成不了气候的主要原因,可以说插混就是一个过渡产品。
国家政策
现阶段,国家政策肯定是偏向于纯电动汽车的,不论是补贴还是充电技术设施的建设和运营补贴。虽然氢燃料电池的补贴依然坚挺,但相比残酷的现状而言,这个补贴政策所能带来的驱动还是有限的。
国家产业投资政策已经明确了插电混动的投资项目一律划为燃油车项目,从这个角度可以看出,国家还是不鼓励插电混动的发展你的。
小结
不论是从现阶段的发展现状,还是从技术角度,以及国家政策的引导,我们都觉得,纯电动汽车都将会是未来的发展趋势。
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